| 369 | 6 | 197 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
自奥巴马政府第二任期以来,北极问题在美国政府议程中的优先地位日益凸显。美国智库向来以追求政策服务和社会影响为己任,其关注的核心议题与政府的议程密切关联,因此美国的一些著名智库也加强了对北极问题的关注。美国智库等研究机构纷纷通过组建北极研究团队、设立专门的北极研究项目、发布研究报告、召开北极问题研讨会等方式,加强对北极事务的关注和研究。本文选取对北极问题关注较多并且对北极政策有较高影响力的相关智库,对其北极研究与政策影响进行系统的分析,认为美国智库的北极问题研究具有时效性强、政策相关度高、协作性强的特点,这些特点也为中国涉北极研究的智库提供了经验借鉴。
Abstract：Since the second term of the Obama administration, the Arctic issue has been given priority on the US government agenda. American think tanks have always been committed to pursuing policy services and social influences, so the core issues of concern are closely related to the government's agenda. Therefore, some famous think tanks in the United States have also showed their concern about the Arctic issue. Some think tanks have set up Arctic research teams and special Arctic research projects, publish research reports, and hold seminars on Arctic issues to increase attention to and carry out research on Arctic affairs. This paper selects relevant think tanks which concern Arctic issues and have great influence on Arctic policies, and systematically analyzes their Arctic research and policy impacts. It is believed that the study of Arctic issues in US think tanks is time-sensitive, policy-relevant and has the characteristics of strong collaboration. These characteristics also provide experience for the development of China's think tanks related to Arctic research.
[1] Heather A.Conley and Jamie Kraut,“U.S.Strategic Interests in the Arctic”,https://csis-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/legacy_files/files/publication/100426_Conley_USStrategicInterests_Web.pdf /2020-01-12.
[2] Statement of Scott G.Borgerson,https://cfrd8-files.cfr.org/sites/default/files/pdf/2009/03/Borgerson_Testimony_3_25_09.pdf,/2020-01-14.
[3] The Arctic and U.S.National Security,https://www.wilsoncenter.org/event/the-arctic-and-us-national-security/2020-01-14.
[4] Charles K.Ebinger,“The U.S.is more energy self-sufficient than ever before,and the Arctic can assure it stays that way”,https://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2015/09/10/the-u-s-is-more-energy-sufficient-than-ever-before-and-the-arctic-can-assure-it-stays-that-way/#2ddcfdd7472b/2020-01-20.
[5] Thad W.Allen,Christine Todd Whitman and Esther Brimmer,“Arctic Imperatives:Reinforcing U.S.Strategyon America’s Fourth Coast”,https://cfrd8-files.cfr.org/sites/default/files/pdf/2017/02/TFR75_Arctic.pdf/2020-01-21.
[6] America’s Arctic Economic Ambitions:Opportunities and Limitations,https://www.csis.org/events/americas-arctic-economic-ambitions-opportunities-and-limitations/2020-02-15.
[7] Nikos Tsafos,“Is Russia Winning the Race to Develop Arctic Energy?”,https://www.csis.org/analysis/russia-winning-race-develop-arctic-energy/2020-02-17.
[8] The Future of Arctic Cooperation,https://www.csis.org/events/future-arctic-cooperation/2020-02-17.
[9] Melody Schreiber,“The US Navy needs to rework its relationships with Iceland and Greenland,expert says”,https://www.arctictoday.com/the-us-navy-needs-rework-its-relationships-with-iceland-and-greenland-expert-says/2020-06-05.
[10] Anne-Marie Brady,“China in the Arctic”,https://www.wilsoncenter.org/article/china-the-arctic/2020-02-23.
[11] Malte Humpert and Andreas Raspotnik,“From‘Great Wall’ to ‘Great White North’:Explaining China’s Politics in the Arctic”,https://issuu.com/openbriefing/docs/chinas-politics-in-the-arctic/2020-01-15.
[12] Heather A.Conley,“China’s Arctic Dream”,https://csis-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/publication/180402_Conley_ChinasArcticDream_Web.pdf?CQME9UgX2VxDY0it5x_h3VV8mloCUqd/2020-01-15.
[13] Sherri Goodman and Marisol Maddox,“China's Growing Arctic Presence”,https://www.wilsoncenter.org/article/chinas-growing-arctic-presence/2020-02-25.
[14] China's Arctic Ambitions:A Conversation with Anne-Marie Brady,https://www.csis.org/podcasts/chinapower/2020-03-24.
[15] Aki Tonami,“Arctic Politics Of Japan,South Korea,and Singapore”,https://www.wilsoncenter.org/publication/arctic-policies-japan-south-korea-and-singapore/2020-03-11.
[16] Passing the Arctic Council Torch:A Review of the Canadian Chairmanship and Preview of the Upcoming American Chairmanship,https://csis-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/legacy_files/files/attachments/140930_Passing_the_Arctic_Council_Torch_Executive_Summary.pdf/2020-03-11.
[17] Heather A.Conley,“Expanding Opportunities,Challenges and Threats in the Arctic:A Focus on the U.S.Coast Guard Arctic Strategic Outlook”,https://csis-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/congressional_testimony/191212_Conley_Statement%2C%20PDF.pdf?fQbpKLV_8h3wMbBpdaKETTrBS_oecf1o/2020-03-20.
[18] Charles K.Ebinger,“The Way Forward for U.S.Arctic Policy”,https://www.brookings.edu/blog/planetpolicy/2014/06/05/the-way-forward-for-u-s-arctic-policy/2020-03-28.
[19] Memorandum on Safeguarding U.S.National Interests in the Arctic and Antarctic Regions,https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/memorandum-safeguarding-u-s-national-interests-arctic-antarctic-regions/2020-06-10.
[20] Heather A.Conley,“Is the United States Having an ‘Arctic Moment’ on Icebreaker Acquisition?”,https://www.csis.org/analysis/united-states-having-arctic-moment-icebreaker-acquisition/2020-06-13.
[21] Mike Sfraga and Lawson Brigham,“US security starts in the Arctic”,https://thehill.com/opinion/national-security/502270-us-security-starts-in-the-arctic/2020-06-12.
[22] Arctic Strategy Outlook,https://www.uscg.mil/Portals/0/Images/arctic/Arctic_Strategic_Outlook_APR_2019.pdf/2020-02-23.
[23] U.S.Coast Guard News,“USCG's Icebreakers Support National Security in the Arctic”,https://www.maritime-executive.com/editorials/uscg-s-icebreakers-support-national-security-in-the-arctic/2020-04-08.
[24] 佚名.西北研究院与美国阿拉斯加大学召开国际北极研究中心双边合作研讨会[EB/OL].http://www.nieer.cas.cn/hzjl/gjhy/201702/t20170214_4745043.html,2020-04-13.
基本信息:
DOI：10.16497/j.cnki.1672-335x.202005005
中图分类号:P941.62;C932
引用信息:
[1]孙凯,张晨曦.美国智库的北极问题研究与启示[J],2020,No.176(05):40-47.DOI:10.16497/j.cnki.1672-335x.202005005.
基金信息:
山东省泰山学者基金项目(tsqn20171204);; 山东省高校青年创新计划项目(2020RWB006)阶段性成果